Form for concrete construction.



3 SHEETSSHEET. 1.

Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

u; M. MA-REAMJ.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2v, 1908.

l alo Winwm I G. M. MARKHAM. -FoRM PoR CONCRETE ooNsTRUoTloN.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 27,1908. Patented NOV. 17, I

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

@ri 3 a@ 1 l 3k h 5 7 foo l 2 3. 1 l l \\\\\9- 3 .4. u1 |\1: 7 e M C. M.MARKHAM. FORM FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

Inl/anim" CHARLES M. MARKHAM, OF CHICAGQILLINOIS.

FORM Fon ooNoRETEfooNs'rRUc'rIoN.

No. 903,99@ l Speencation of Letters Patent. Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

Application filedA January 2,7, 1908. Serial No. 412,731.

To all whom 'it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES M. -MARK HAM, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago, county ofy Cook, and State of Illinois,have invented certain new and use# ful Improvements vin Forms forConcrete Construction, of which the" following is a specification.

My invention relates to forms \for concrete construction.

In general practice, the forms used for concrete constructionare inadeof Wood and the forms for eachcolumn and beam are -so constructed thatthe entire form must remain in place until the concrete'is sufficientlyset to remove them.' The time the concrete must remain supported is setby law, and in some instances is as much as three weeks. It is evidenttherefore, that an immense quantity of lumber must be used in theconstruction of a building of any magnitude. Further a large percentageof the lumber used is broken in removing the form, unitting it forfurther use, and large quantities of lumber are needed to properly bracethe forms, 'especially the columns, to maintain .any position'whilebeing filled With the concrete.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved form for concreteconstruction which will require theuse of a much less quantity offlumberin the construction of a building than forms now employed.

A further object of my invention is to provide a knock down form forconcrete construction, that is, a form which may be readily and quicklytaken apart Without danger of splitting vor breaking the lumber of whichit is composed. i

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

With these objects in view my 'invention consists generally in a formfor concrete con struction comprising the form members proper incombination with ajplnrality Lf clamps or clamping members Jfor holdingthe form together, which are rcadily-de lnclmble to dismeniber the form.I

I `nrlhcr, my invention consists in a forli Yfor com-rete constructionespecially foi-the bemns, comprising lthe bottom supporting members andthe side members, the latterv being removable after the concrete is setlin shape to be again used, and thev former bex ing permitted to remainto support the concrete until fully set.

Bly-invention further consists in various details of construction andarrangements of parts all as 'will be hereinafter fully described andparticularly pointed out in the claims.

My invention Will be more readily understood' by reference to theaccompanying drawings forming a part of this speciication and in which,

Figure l is a vertical transverse section through a form for concreteconstruction embodying my vinvention in its preferred form, thesupportingand clamping meinbers being shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is asimilar vieuT illustrating the side vmembers of the form partiallyremoved, Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the form complete, Fig. fl is aside elevation of the supporting members arranged beneath a concretebeam, the side members of the forml being removed, Fig. 5 is aperspective view of a portion of a form for a square column, Fig. 6 isaside elevation thereof arranged for an octagonal column, Fig. 7 isahorizontal section through va form for an octagonalcolumn, and Fig. 8is a vertical section through thebottom of the column form.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates they soon as the beam issufiiciently set, leaving the member, 1, and its support, beneath thebeamuntil fully set and self supporting.

To this end, I provide suitable clamps for holding the members, 2 inposition. until ready to remove them.

The bottom member, 1`is supported at intervals by the vertical posts, 3.formed of stout timber. Between the upper end Iofthe posts, 3 and themember,'1 are interposed blocks, 4,. the grain of Which runstransversely to that of the member, 1..A 'Secured to the upper end ofthe post, 3 isa' horizontally disposed -timbel',j5 suitably braced bythe iangularly disposed members, Pivotally mounted' upon the tim-ber,or-cro ss 'member, 5 are the members, 7 Which'constitige a pair' of leverstothe upper ends of which are respectively secured theside members, 2.ofthe form. The members, 2 each comprise the side board, 2,'and themembers 2, the latter of which constitute a small portion of the bottomof the form and are of. the saine thickness as the'v bottom member, l.The lower ends of themembers-,7 extend some distance below the crossmember, 5 and between'said lower en ds is arranged a'block, 8 spiked orotherwise secured to the post, 3 or the braces, 6. Wedges, 9 drivenbetween said block and ends of the members, 7 force' the sidemembers, 2firmly into position with the edgesrof' the members, '2f impinging'firmly against the adjacent sides of the mem'- ber, 1*.' In order tobring the' members, 2'in perfect horizontal alinem'ent with the mem-vber, l the double wedges, .10 are driven `between saidmembers and thecross timber.

The block, 4 is narrower than the bottom member, I and thewedges, 10extend beneath boththe ymembers 2`and the edges of the member,1.- i 11indicatesthe wooden beams for supporting the ioor form, 12 .andthemselves supported by the vertical timbers', 13. The

i "beams, ,1 1 do; 'not 'approach closely' to the members, 2 in {orderthat the latter may be ipmoyed when'desired. Tosupport the end of thebeamfadja'cent to the members, 2, a block, lll-isv interposed between"said? end alud the timbeizf' and a'wedge, 15, between the timberjandtheblock affords means for jack in upthe beam.

enthegformis set up and tightened the concreteis'lled in. As soon as-theconcrete in the be m form is sufficiently set toretain its shapetheside' members, 2 maybe removed 'and used again immediately. .To removethe side members, the wedges 9 and 10' are removed as are also theblocks, 14. Then the bolts, 16.by which the members, 7 are pivotallysecured to the cross member, 5.are

removed.' The' side' members includingthe levers, 7 may then be removed.This leaves the member, 1 and the posts, 3, beneath the concrete beam tosupport the same .until -it is fully set and self supporting.

Itis obvious that with forms of this construction considerably lesstimber is necessary in constructing a building than -With forms of theusual construction.` Also,`that lthere is no loss of timber' fromsplitting or breakingin dismembering the forms:

The knock-down -feature of the form is l also applicable to those forthe 4columns and ings'. The clampsfcniprise'a pair-of timbers', l

21 arranged uponopposite sides of the cols umn and connected by thebolts, 22, the ends of the timbers, 21 being provided with .the notchesor slots, 23to receive the bolt. The pairs. of clamps are 'arranged atintervals throughout the length of the formand the clamps of each'jpairare arranged alternately as shown in the drawings, that is, the mem'-bers, 21 of one clamp are arranged at right anglesto thecorrespondingmembers of the other clamp; When the octagonal form is employedtriangular blocks, 24 are inserted between the corners of the clamp andthe an`' gularly disposed members, 20, the blocks be- 30'- mg ofsufficient` length to be engageby vboth clamps of the pair.

`In the method now? 'employed' for' con-v structing the columns largequantities of timber are necessary to brace the 'column forms. The upperend of the form is .secured to tliebea'm form and' it is to preventdisplacement of the lower end that the braces are employed. I'l obvia'tethe necessity for using the braces by forming a center for the columnforni of concrete, which firmly holds the lower end of the form againstdisplacement. This is illustrated in Fig. 8,125 indicating the' center...The center is formed in the proper location and of a shapecorresponding tojthe `cross section of a column.' Itis however, made atriiie. smaller in diameter, that i'sl about 'one half inch. The columnform'is placed above the center with its low-er edge about'A the'center. It is evident that if the center, 25 is rmly set, the

bottom of the form cannot be displaced.

When -it is desired to remove the form the bolts, 22 are-loosened r andknocked out of the notches, the form then readily separat-v ms- Havingdescribed my inventionwhat I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Patentjisr 1. A4 beam form'for concrete construction 110comprising a bottom mer'n'ber"and` suitable supports therefor, incombinationwith side members pivotally connected to. said'sup- @ports.and wedges .for clamping 'the same f against vsaid bottom'member,substantially 115` comprising the bottom member and. suitable'supports therefor, in. combination with4 side members, levers xedly.connected-Pto said'120 A beamy form -for concrete construction,

comprising 'a bottom member and suitable supports therefor, incombination' with. horizontally 4disposed member 4secured to each ofsaid supports'. below said bottom 130 member, levers pivotally connectedto said horizontal member, side members fixed to theupper ends of saidlevers, a block fixed tothe support. adjacent to thelower endsof saidlevers and Wedges arranged between said levers and said block,substantially'as described.

4. A beam form for concrete construction comprising a bottom member andsuitable supports therefor in combination With a horizontally disposedmember secured'to each of said supports and below said bottom member,levers pivotally connected to said horizontal member, side'members fixedto the upper ends of said levers, horizontally disposed strips xed tosaid levers and abutting the lower edges of said side members, saidstrips constituting portions of thebottom. means for operating saidlevers to plant Lin the sides in position,v und means interposed between'said horizontal member and said bottom and bottom strips to bring thelatter in alinement, substantially as described.

5. In a form for concrete construction a beam form comprisin a bottommember, supports for said mem er and side members pivotally anddetachably connected thereto in combination with the floor form, beamssupporting said form and means interposed between the ends of said beamsand the beam form supports forsupporting the for- .mer when said sidemembers are removed,

substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribingl witnesses.

CHAR-LES M. MARKHAM.

Witnesses l .Ion N Irvs' N,- Fie-wens E'. Snenui'.

